- I'm living on the mountain, underneath a cloudless sky, I'm drinking at the fountain that never shall run dry; O yes, I'm feasting on the manna from a bountiful supply, For I am dwelling in Beulah Land.
Beulah occurs 182 times in Blake. Let's try to figure out just what he meant with the word. Look first at the Bible; Isaiah 62:4 appears to be the only place it's found there. The word beulah appears many times in the Four Zoas and also in Milton and in Jerusalem. In the Four Zoas: In Night 1 of The Four Zoas (On Erdman 302) we read this
"There is from Great Eternity a mild & pleasant rest Namd Beulah a Soft Moony Universe feminine lovely Pure mild & Gentle given in Mercy to those who sleep Eternally. Created by the Lamb of God around On all sides within & without the Universal Man The Daughters of Beulah follow sleepers in all their Dreams Creating Spaces lest they fall into Eternal Death"
So we might call Beulah a suburb of Heaven; you're not exactly in Heaven, but you're close. Now go back a few lines and you may read this:
"Then Eno a daughter of Beulah took a Moment of Time And drew it out to Seven thousand years with much care & affliction And many tears & in Every year made windows into Eden She also took an atom of space & opend its center Into Infinitude & ornamented it with wondrous art Astonishd sat her Sisters of Beulah to see her soft affections To Enion & her children & they ponderd these things wondring And they Alternate kept watch over the Youthful terrors They saw not yet the Hand Divine for it was not yet reveald But they went on in Silent Hope & Feminine repose" -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Milton begins with a reference to Beulah:
"Daughters of Beulah! Muses who inspire the Poets Song Record the journey of immortal Milton thro' your Realms Of terror & mild moony lustre, in soft sexual delusions Of varied beauty, to delight the wanderer and repose His burning thirst & freezing hunger!" (Read on if you want to begin to understand Milton.) On Plate 30 [33] we have this: "There is a place where Contrarieties are equally True This place is called Beulah, It is a pleasant lovely Shadow Where no dispute can come. Because of those who Sleep. Into this place the Sons & Daughters of Ololon descended With solemn mourning into Beulahs moony shades & hills Weeping for Milton: mute wonder held the Daughters of Beulah Enrapturd with affection sweet and mild benevolence Beulah is evermore Created around Eternity; appearing To the Inhabitants of Eden, around them on all sides. But Beulah to its Inhabitants appears within each district As the beloved infant in his mothers bosom round incircled With arms of love & pity & sweet compassion. But to The Sons of Eden the moony habitations of Beulah, Are from Great Eternity a mild & pleasant Rest."
Pressing on to Jerusalem I found this on Erdman 156-7:
"The Eastern Gate, fourfold: terrible & deadly its ornaments: Taking their forms from the Wheels of Albions sons; as cogs Are formd in a wheel, to fit the cogs of the adverse wheel. That toward Eden, eternal ice, frozen in seven folds Of forms of death: and that toward Beulah, stone: The seven diseases of the earth are carved terrible. And that toward Ulro, forms of war: seven enormities: And that toward Generation, seven generative forms. And every part of the City is fourfold; & every inhabitant, fourfold."
(The Eastern Gate is surely a place for another post.) Look also at the fourfold post. Sun at his Eastern Gate
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Wikipedia Commons The Sun at His Eastern Gate |
If you're thoroughly confused here; then you're no worse than I am. But Plate 48 has more (much) more to say about Beulah. Read it carefully, and you'll gain a much better grasp of what Blake meant by Beulah; here is some of the most salient part: PLATE 48 of Jerusalem:
These were [Albion's] last words, and the merciful Saviour in his arms Reciev'd him, in the arms of tender mercy and repos'd The pale limbs of his Eternal Individuality Upon the Rock of Ages. Then, surrounded with a Cloud: In silence the Divine Lord builded with immortal labour, Of gold & jewels a sublime Ornament, a Couch of repose, With Sixteen pillars: canopied with emblems & written verse. Spiritual Verse, order'd & measur'd, from whence, time shall reveal." The Five books of the Decologue, the books of Joshua & Judges, Samuel, a double book & Kings, a double book, the Psalms & Prophets The Four-fold Gospel, and the Revelations everlasting Eternity groan'd. & was troubled, at the image of Eternal Death! Beneath the bottoms of the Graves, which is Earths central joint, There is a place where Contrarieties are equally true: (To protect from the Giant blows in the sports of intellect, Thunder in the midst of kindness, & love that kills its beloved: Because Death is for a period, and they renew tenfold.) From this sweet Place Maternal Love awoke Jerusalem With pangs she forsook Beulah's pleasant lovely shadowy Universe Where no dispute can come; created for those who Sleep. Weeping was in all Beulah, and all the Daughters of Beulah Wept for their Sister the Daughter of Albion, Jerusalem: When out of Beulah the Emanation of the Sleeper descended With solemn mourning out of Beulahs moony shades and hills: Within the Human Heart, whose Gates closed with solemn sound."
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